Edward Vs. George - The Windsors at War

[ Soft music plays ] -The Duke of Windsor was charming.

But it was my job to get something new, something surprising out of him, rather than the usual things.

I asked him what it was like living in exile.

And he was shaking his hand at me, saying, "No, no.

Nein, nein, nicht, nein.

Stop."

I felt for me, that was the beginning rather than the end of something.

-I need... Don't -- Stop.

[ Dramatic music plays ] -There's no room for two kings in Britain.

It just can't happen.

-They were courting Hitler.

And they thought, I think, that if Hitler conquered Britain, he probably would have waved a Nazi flag from the top of Buckingham Palace, I don't know, welcomed them all in, I should think.

-How could it happen that this man gave up an empire for this woman?

-If you had it all to do over again, would you make the same decision?

-Fortunately, a king has only to make one such decision.

-The drama of these two couples, who couldn't be more different, representing two sets of values, and they're all wrapped up in all the trappings of the Royal Family.

-It's a soap -- I mean, it's not a soap, but you know what I mean.

Wallis was like a diamond, and the Queen Mother was like a pudding.

-Wow.

These photos are absolutely extraordinary.

One brother who used to be king.

One brother who became king, never wanted to be.

And in their relationship, we see what changed the country forever.

[ Soft music plays ] -Villa Windsor is a place of magic.

It's a place of legend.

It sits in the Bois de Boulogne in Paris, surrounded by a fence and high gates.

And inside, one of the most amazing stories that British royalty has ever had developed.

-It was on the edge of Paris.

It was a grand manoir.

I don't want to boast, but I had been in equally impressive homes.

What I had not seen was how it was run.

When you would come to the door and a footman would open the door for you in beautiful, red livery and in the background would be the butler in his tails, that part was very impressive, not just the way you were greeted at the door, met, and -- you didn't ring a bell.

They were there.

-The moment we get inside this house, feels like the ghosts of the Duke and Duchess are very much present still.

So quite an extraordinary feeling.

[ Film projector clicking ] This is a house which was built in 1928/'29 for French industrialists.

But, then, in the early '50s, the Duke and Duchess of Windsor came to live here and commissioned the famous decorators Maison Jansen to draw up this house to their taste.

And, then, so they lived here, basically, from 1952 until 1986, when the Duchess died.

This is the library -- the only place at the time in the house with a working fireplace.

As you can see from this old photograph in hand, it had a very large sofa.

So this was a place where they would retreat in the evening.

Above the fireplace, you can see the famous portrait of the Duchess by Brockhurst, which is now at the National Portrait Gallery.

So, this is the dining room of the house, where all dinner parties took place, basically.

The entertaining was all on quite an intimate scale, rarely more than 10 people.

So quite an honor at the time to be invited to this house for dinner.

[ Mid-tempo music plays ] -I did go and see them once with Princess Margaret.

It was all very cloak-and-dagger.

Princess Margaret said she was going to visit Uncle David.

And everything was the same -- the way the tea was set up, you know, and the uniform and all these rather sad reminders of I think he wanted to feel that he was still in a royal palace.

It made him feel comfortable.

I think he wanted to feel perhaps that he'd never left.

And it was sort of a make-believe.

[ Laughs ] [ Suspenseful music plays ] -I had my show called "Paris Journal."

And I picked up lots of celebrities at that time to appear in my show.

The Duke of Windsor wasn't difficult to get, because he asked money for it.

I think it was $1,000.

And it was his wife, Wallis, on the phone.

And she said, "Well if you can't make it more than that, we'll accept it."

I remember, first of all, that poor Duke of Windsor had become her slave.

He was bringing cushions for her.

He was bringing his dogs to her.

He was continuously working at making that woman happy.

We spoke in German.

He spoke fluent German.

And I asked him what he was doing, actually.

And he said, "Well, first of all, I collect porcelain dogs."

And he showed me his collection.

"And, then, I am the chief of a dog breeders' association."

And he talked about that as if it was as good as being king.

-Don't -- Stop.

-Oh, living abroad.

I'm sorry.

-Living abroad.

'Cause I am not exiled.

-Yeah.

-Exiles are people who cannot return to their country.

I can go back to England whenever I wish.

-Considering my own story, as a Jewish refugee from Vienna... [ Soft music plays ] Lots of my family members had perished in the Holocaust.

I was a survivor.

I wanted to know if this man had really been on our side... or was he just a fake?

I got a little bit angry, and I asked a question that I shouldn't have asked -- was it true that he and his wife had been visiting Hitler and that Hitler had offered him, in case he won the war against England, something like the governorship of England, yes?

He exploded.

"No, no.

Not this question.

That's not on our list.

Forget about it.

I will not answer.

No.

Go away.

Please, thank you, goodbye."

I had the feeling of incompleteness.

Yes, I felt I had been thrown out.

But I would have really have liked to know, was it true?

And in my intimate feelings, I think it was true, and I think that he would have done it.

-If you go back to the Bible, you go back to the story of Cain and Abel, we've always been fascinated by warring brothers -- two brothers, both jockeying for position, both knowing that only one can come out on top.

Archives, like this one in Oxford, contain secrets.

And the secrets of Edward and George are there in plain sight if you can find them.

So we have to play detective.

We have to look through these archives to actually unpick them and to find the secrets that so many people have failed to see before.

[ Soft music plays ] Edward and George were never similar people.

I mean, even from a very young age, there was always this animosity between them.

Edward was the elder brother.

Edward was going to be king.

Edward was the charismatic one.

George was not charismatic.

He was somebody who was always lurking in the shadows.

He was not somebody comfortable taking center stage.

-Okay.

So, this is pre-World War I, a picture of them.

So you've got David -- he's gonna be Edward.

He's on a trajectory that's gonna take him to being king at this point.

He's already been invested as Prince of Wales, as well.

And Bertie -- so Albert -- who's gonna pick George to reign as -- he is on a very different path.

He's sort of humbly and quietly going about his business in the Royal Navy.

[ Film projector clicking ] -Edward was the heir to the throne.

So even though he went to France during World War I, they kept him away from the front lines.

And Bertie always had bragging rights, because he had been involved in battle, and his older brother, the heir, had not.

George V deployed Edward in a different way.

He sent him all around the world representing the British monarchy.

As it turned out, he often behaved very badly, but his advisers tended to cover up for it.

-Bertie marries in 1923.

He settles down.

And George V loves her.

He absolutely loves Elizabeth Bowes Lyon.

[ Film projector clicking ] -She was pretty.

She was vivacious.

Everybody thinks of her as jolly and ebullient, but she was very, very strong.

And I think as time went on, that strength was essential to her husband.

[ Suspenseful music plays ] -London is hushed.

And all over the world, countless millions are waiting to take part in spirit in the last journey of His Majesty.

King George V.

-There's been 25 years of George V, who's been a very steadying presence.

When he dies, he's kind of like a father figure for the nation.

-When the King dies, the person that grieves the most is Edward, the new king.

His mother, Queen Mary, losing her husband -- her first thing is that she kisses the King's hand, curtsies to him, So suddenly, he's king.

-He was a dangerous king.

He was very irresponsible.

He neglected his duties, and he was totally obsessed with the American divorce Wallis Simpson.

-She's famously kind of referred to as "that woman" in royal circles.

He is utterly besotted with her.

I believe that he was genuine in his devotion to her.

-If you look at Wallis Simpson, she's so smart, and all her clothes and the way she dresses, her hair, and everything like that.

And I think that the smart set in London, which Mrs.

Simpson was part of, were very rude, actually, about the Yorks -- really rude.

But of course the Queen Mother got her own back in the end.

Well-done, her.

[ Chuckles ] [ Dramatic music plays ] -The major constitutional crisis of the 20th Century was the abdication crisis.

The contract that a monarch implicitly makes with his or her people is that when they become king or queen, you promise that you are going to do it for the rest of your life, to all of your ability.

Edward was different.

He didn't want to do it.

And when he fell in love with Wallis Simpson, a woman who was divorced, he knew there was no possibility whatsoever that he could be married to her and remain king.

So offered a choice between love and kingship, he chose love.

And so by doing so, he precipitated this crisis.

-December 10, 1936.

One of the most momentous days in the history of England.

On this day, the decision of King Edward VIII was awaited with anxiety throughout the empire -- news that was feared to be of abdication.

[ Camera shutter clicks ] -Especially nowadays, people don't know the shock.

People were horrified.

And people just felt that he would have to give Mrs.

Simpson up.

He was going to be king.

Come on.

But he didn't.

-If you wanted a man who epitomized English high society in the first half of the 20th Century, you would turn to Walter Monckton.

He was a leading lawyer, but he was also an exceptionally talented diplomat.

So what you could see in him, especially his relationship with Edward and George, was somebody who could go from the one to the other and remain trusted by both of them.

[ Suspenseful music plays ] Every archive yields up its secrets if you look hard enough.

So what's so exciting about being here today at the Balliol College Archives is to go through these documents which have not been seen in public before.

This is the unpublished memoir that Walter Monckton wrote about the Abdication Crisis.

This is one of my favorite lines in it -- "The king had the strongest standards which he set himself of right and wrong.

They were irritatingly unconventional.

One sometimes felt that the God in whom he believed was a God who dealt him trumps all the time."

"A God who dealt him trumps all the time --" it's brilliant way of putting it, because essentially, that sums up Edward's pettiness, his selfishness, and the way in which he was not able to comprehend not getting his own way.

What's very interesting is this very powerful description of this dinner party, which took place just before the abdication, that George is present at.

And Edward, who's been without sleep for nearly 10 days, who has been running on adrenaline and whiskey in equal parts -- he is still able to be fantastic and charismatic at his dinner.

And Monckton writes, "This dinner party was I think his tour de force."

And, "As the dinner went on, the Duke turned to me and said, 'Look at him.

We simply cannot let him go.'"

And you can see why George is saying that, because he knows the next thing that's going to happen is that he is going to be king.

And he doesn't want to be king.

And saying, "We cannot let him go," speaks so much about that fear and that desperation.

[ Suspenseful music plays ] -A few hours ago, I discharged my last duty as king and emperor.

And now that I have been succeeded by my brother, the Duke of York, my first words must be to declare my allegiance to him.

-And the throne passes to King Edward VIII's younger brother and his wife, whom we have known and loved for so long as Their Royal Highnesses the Duke and Duchess of York.

To the new sovereign and Queen Elizabeth and to the little lady who is now heir to the throne, long life and all happiness.

-George didn't want to be king.

And when he was told that he would be king, he burst into tears on his mother's shoulder.

He felt very strongly that his reign would be overshadowed by this abdication.

And to a large extent I think it was.

-Well, my father was an equerry to the Duke of York.

And he was there during the abdication, so he saw how difficult it was, actually, for the Duke of York.

He had a lovely marriage with Queen Elizabeth, and he had two lovely, beautiful daughters.

And suddenly of course the whole of his life and their lives were changed by Uncle David.

-The glory of a British coronation.

Nowhere in the world is there anything half so wonderful.

And now, for the first time in newsreel history, we show you the matchless royal pageantry in all the brilliance of its scintillating color.

Across Parliament Square, to the ancient Church of Westminster, which was first built in the days of Edward the Confessor, whose crown will before another hour has passed rest on the head of King George VI.

[ Dramatic music plays ] -One moment he's Duke of York, and he's known as Bertie.

Then he has to become George VI.

To be quite frank, he's not very good at it, because he doesn't know what to do.

He's not an instinctive leader of men.

He's not an instinctive ruler.

-My father was there.

And he said, you know, the King thought he couldn't do it, and he was pushed into it very much, you know?

And he had, unfortunately, a stutter, which made life very difficult for him.

So in a way sometimes he couldn't communicate.

-My first... word... must be one of praise... for... the enterprise... enthusiasm... and hard work.

-George was faced with a situation that he is not comfortable with.

-The task has been shared.

-Edward leaves for country after the abdication, and he goes into this... exile is not too strong a word in Europe.

He is drifting about.

He has no purpose.

He has no role.

He is an ex-king.

[ Suspenseful music plays ] -First of all, there's the title.

He will be the Duke of Windsor.

He is allowed to use the HRH.

But the problem with quitting the monarchy is what are you?

What are you for?

What is your role?

[ Applause ] -There was a sense almost that George was sort of haunted by this former king, as they said, across the water.

And they were worried that he would want to return to Britain and sort of set up his own court and compete with the new king.

[ Dramatic music plays ] -It's such a strange feeling being in the actual Chteau de Cand.

A couple of meters away from me is where Edward and Wallis got married.

And it feels like you can see their ghosts.

It feels like you can hear the echoes of what happened that day.

-When Edward got to Chteau de Cand, the hammer blows started to fall one by one.

-Before the wedding George VI decided nobody in the Royal Family could go to the wedding.

Their grounds for this was, again, going back to the fact that Wallis was unsuitable and, also, that the whole marriage was not in conformity with the laws of the Church of England.

That was the kind of poisonous atmosphere in the days before the Duke and Duchess of Windsor were married.

-The wedding looked brave, but it was tragic.

There was nobody there.

It was terribly sad.

But everybody kept stiff upper lip, everybody wore their tailcoats grandly, and they made the best of it.

But it was a sad affair.

-Edward didn't have that many wedding presents, obviously.

But the wedding present he wanted more than anything else was not for him, but for Wallis.

And he wanted her to be given the HRH title, to be called Her Royal Highness.

And this would have meant that she was actually regarded as a member of the Royal Family, she was brought into the firm, if you like.

When Edward found out this wasn't going to happen, he shouted, "This is a fine wedding present."

[ Mid-tempo music plays ] Denying her the HRH was something that amplified the acrimony.

The Duke of Windsor was furious, and he would over the years repeatedly try to get George VI to reverse that decision, with no success.

Money and status were more important to the Duke of Windsor than they were, obviously, to George.

But you can understand that there was a lot of acrimony.

-Here we have something absolutely remarkable.

What we're going to see are hundreds of photographs, never been seen in public since 1937.

And we can see immediately, this is something really quite special.

[ Soft music plays ] -Here we have something absolutely remarkable.

This is an album from the Richard Lobel Collection, which has never been seen in public before.

-When I was younger, I read about a man who was so in love with a woman that he gave up the throne of Britain for it.

And I thought that was the most romantic gesture in the world.

For the last 50 years, I've been collecting his memorabilia.

I believe that the Royal Family probably has the best collection in the world, but I think I have the second-best.

-We're looking at some extraordinarily exciting photographs of the Duke and Duchess of Windsor.

And they are away from prying eyes.

They are enjoying themselves.

This is their relaxed, private personae.

We are not used to seeing the Duke of Windsor off-duty.

It's an extraordinary moment, because you start to get a sense of the actual man.

Wow.

Now, these photos are absolutely extraordinary.

This is the man who a few months ago was King of England.

He was Emperor of the Dominions.

He was one of the best-known men in the world, And here he is standing in shorts and shoes and that's it.

It would have been absolutely unheard of for somebody of Edward's standing to be photographed like this.

But it's also the way in which Edward has now literally and symbolically cast off the crown, cast off the trappings of monarchy, because lest we forget, a few weeks before, his brother was crowned king.

And here we have Edward, who has given it all away and is finally now wearing nothing.

So, here we see the photographs that were taken at Edward and Wallis' wedding in May 1937.

What happened at the wedding was that Cecil Beaton was there to take formal, posed photographs.

But here we can see all these photographs, which are much more relaxed, much more informal.

It's kind of behind-the-scenes examination of what's going on at the Chteau de Cand.

-When you look at the photographs for the wedding, most of which have never been seen before, including the one with the Duchess is pouring a cup of tea for the Duke.

I mean, I think it is just so fantastic.

And here we have Charles Bedaux, the owner of the Chteau de Cand, Edward's wedding host, and a man who expected a lot from him.

[ Suspenseful music plays ] -Charles Bedaux was many things.

He was a French-American businessman.

He was extraordinarily wealthy.

But of course there was a downside.

And the downside was he was a Nazi sympathizer.

When Charles Bedaux allowed Edward and Wallis to get married in his chateau, there was price.

The price was, was for Edward and Wallis would go out to Germany in the Autumn in 1937, where Bedaux had substantial business interests.

Edward was a bit of a fool.

What he wanted to do was he wanted to show Wallis what it was like to be royal.

He wanted the crowds out in the street shouting for both of them.

And the only way that was going to happen was to go to Nazi Germany, where they would roll out the red carpet for him willingly, happily.

[ Indistinct shouting ] [ Dramatic music plays ] -Even before then, when he was king, he had made clear that he had Nazi sympathies.

And he doubled down on that when he was over there.

The crowd shouted "Heil Edward," and he shouted "Heil Hitler," and he did the stiff-arm Nazi salute, and they spoke admiringly of the Nazi government.

[ Dramatic music plays ] George and Elizabeth and everybody in the Royal Family were simply appalled by this, because everybody knew that Hitler was accumulating power, that he had become a dictator.

[ Applause ] It was very much a quasi-royal visit.

Much to Wallis' delight, the women curtsied to her, and the men bowed as if she had an HRH.

-Here we have these photographs of the Duke and Duchess of Windsor with high-ranking Nazi officials.

This is 1937.

You're two years away from the outbreak of war.

Germany is known to be treating a lot of its citizens absolutely appallingly.

And for the man who had been king less than a year before to be going out and essentially approving of what's going on, it's an extraordinarily bad idea.

And here we have a photograph of Edward next to Hitler.

It's still chilling even today, because you can see that Hitler was looking triumphant.

Edward is looking as if he's done something clever.

We can see the fact that he consented to these photographs, the fact that he was happy to be pictured in this very compromising position.

Speaks volumes about his lack of judgment and his lack of intelligence.

-The Duke of Windsor was telling people that if they bombed England that they would sue for peace.

And there are indications that he signaled a willingness to be installed as king, with her as queen, if a Nazi invasion of Britain were successful.

-What would have happened during the war if Edward had been king?

-What if Edward had been king?

-Yes.

-[ Laughs ] Well, he probably would have waved the Nazi flag from the top of Buckingham Palace, I don't know, welcomed them all in, I should think.

-On Friday the 13th of September, 1940, the Luftwaffe launched a bombing raid on Buckingham Palace.

And of course the idea of striking at the center of British power was a very tempting one.

So on that morning, a bomber flew down the Mall and had one intention and one intention alone -- that was killing the King and Queen.

-When the war came, I mean, it was terrible pressure on everybody.

For somebody as nervous, really, as the King, it must have been really difficult for him.

Luckily, we had Churchill, as well.

I think Churchill must have been a great help to him.

But, then, suddenly, in a way, the war gave him the opportunity to shine.

There he was, in London.

Buckingham Palace was bombed, you know?

And there they were.

-We're sitting in the Kent Archives.

And what's particularly interesting in these archives are that they hold the documents and papers of Alec and Helen Hardinge.

Alec was the King's Private Secretary, and Helen was the Queen's Lady-in-Waiting.

And between the two of them, they were as influential a power couple as anyone in England at the time.

So, what we're about to see are Helen Hardinge's diaries.

And it's the first time I've actually laid eyes on a series of diaries which she kept.

So, I open the diary, and one of the first things I see is that on the 13th of September 1940, she and Alec were in Buckingham Palace with the King and Queen when it was bombed.

And she says explicitly, "We were all in fear."

But even as Helen is recounting how "the Queen has told the servants to have champagne for dinner," Helen's writing on literally the next line, "sirens and gunfire."

So you see, she is there in these extraordinary circumstances.

There's been bombing, sirens, gunfire.

It's absolutely terrifying.

[ Dramatic music plays ] The King and Queen came within an ace of being killed.

And it was a reminder to everybody that they were as liable to be bombed, blown up, whatever as anybody else could have been.

Nobody was safe.

-After Buckingham Palace was bombed and they escaped being killed, Elizabeth was famously quoted as saying, "We can now look the East End in the face."

[ Indistinct conversations ] [ Applause ] It is the making of George VI, the Second World War.

Any one of my grandmother's generation, if you said, like, "What did you think of the King and Que--" They adored them, because of the Blitz and because of them walking around London and not running away to the country.

-George by now had come into his own.

He was more comfortable with his stature as king.

But Edward has been in the Bahamas, and that says it all, really.

It's the way that the one brother has gone through hell and been tested and survived.

The other brother has been on shopping trips to New York.

[ Cheers and applause ] [ Suspenseful music plays ] -Speaking from London, I ask you to join with me in that act of thanksgiving.

Germany has been finally overcome.

Let us remember the men and the women and all of the services who have laid down their lives.

And they are not with us at the moment of our rejoicing.

[ Cheers and applause ] -This was the moment.

This was the end of the horrific war -- really the end.

Churchill had been the symbols of the resistance.

And the crowds were thanking them for all that they did, recognizing what they did.

[ Cheers and applause ] -George proved to be as good a king as Britain could have expected in World War II.

After his unpromising beginning, he found his mettle in adversity.

[ Cheers and applause ] But it's important to remember that when World War II broke out and indeed for its duration, there was George's war, and there was Edward's war.

They weren't quite the same war.

What was uncertain was what exactly Edward had been up to.

It was very, very unclear as to whether he had been consorting with the Germans, whether he'd passed on information to the Nazis and generally been making a nuisance of himself.

-There's a moment on July 3, 1940, George was having an audience with Winston Churchill.

And he said, "I have an idea.

Let's send him to the Bahamas, as far away as we can, and let him be Governor."

-Nobody knew what to do with him.

I mean, Churchill was desperate.

"What do you do with an ex-king?"

You know, keep him as far away from Germany as possible, obviously.

So he was sent to the Caribbean, where they lived a sort of pathetic life, really.

-The Bahamas was not the luxurious place we think of today.

It was a small, hot island that was riddled with racial conflict which Edward was told to be governor of.

Edward wanted to be bowed and scraped to.

He didn't want to be a low-grade colonial administrator.

That was exactly what he was forced to be.

-Both the Duchess and I are receiving a number of American journalists in Government House, Nassau.

It is a very warm afternoon -- too warm for taking pictures.

-He must have been horribly humiliated to be given that post.

But he took it.

He accepted it.

Initially at Government House, there was no screens on the windows and no air-conditioning.

It was pretty miserable from what I understand.

And I think the best thing that they could do was when they would escape to come here to Palm Beach for a few days.

[ Waves crashing ] -They used to love to stay at the Colony Hotel, which is at the foot of Worth Avenue, very central.

[ Mid-tempo music plays ] The Colony Hotel is one of our finest boutique hotels.

And they never paid for anything, which was the way things were done.

They had created this incredible situation where they weren't asked to pay.

And, then, there is a young assistant manager who decides to give him a bill one day, and that was a bill that was for $1,000.

There is a check, which is signed by the Duke of Windsor.

But it was the last time they stayed there.

That was it.

They didn't go back.

Which was part of their MO.

She used to love to walk in Palm Beach in the wintertime.

It's a lovely town to walk to.

She'd go to the hairdresser, and people lined up outside to maybe catch a glimpse of her.

She realized, you know, "I'm sort of the Pied Piper here.

And look behind me.

They're all following me.

How can I give a very regal life to this overgrown child that I have on my hands."

And she made what I believe was a conscious decision to take over.

There's two Wallis Simpsons.

There's two Duchess of Windsors.

And there's the one before '45, where she going along for the ride.

And there's the one after '45 where she says to herself, "If we're going to survive, I have to do it.

'Cause he's not.

The Royal Family's not.

It's going to be up to me."

And that's where she I think created a brand before the word branding ever existed.

-[ Singing operatically ] -The thing about Wallis is she's all about the money.

So, she has been poor.

She never, ever wants to be poor again.

-If you shacked yourself up with a king of England, even after the abdication, you would not be expecting to be worried about money ever again.

-At that point in time, in 1945, I think she quite well realized that they had money, but not the kind of money that their equivalent of billionaires today had.

They would have had enough money to have a perfectly nice home somewhere, but that just was completely inadequate in terms of keeping up with the friends that they wanted to do.

[ Crowd cheering ] -The Royal family went to South Africa in early 1947 for a three-month tour.

It was a punishing trip.

[ Suspenseful music plays ] It was so exhausting.

They were all exhausted, George in particular.

And by the time they got back to England, he looked really quite gaunt.

It's not unreasonable to think that the diseases that he suffered from in the following several years may have already been affecting him then.

But he did not look well when they came back.

-Given that George was increasingly suffering from ill health, he was not able to be seen in public much.

He couldn't fulfill many of his regal duties.

And he felt, to his frustration and anger, like an increasingly diminished figure.

If he was to recede from view, a vacancy would be created.

And if there was to be a vacancy, who better to fill it than the man who had been king?

-At Southampton, we meet the 85,000-ton liner Queen Elizabeth on her arrival from New York.

Aboard were the Duke and Duchess of Windsor.

They're here for a short stay.

When he realized he wasn't ever going to get an official job, Edward was very angry and, also, without anything much to do.

And at that point, he decided that he would start to write his memoirs.

The word got out that he was writing his memoirs, and it shook Buckingham Palace rigid.

[ Dramatic music plays ] -Suddenly there was total silence, and the Duchess appeared at the door.

And people went... -It was very odd relationship, because it was so obvious that he liked to be the inferior.

And that could only happen because he liked it, because that is what he wanted.

-I think he realized how shamefully in a way he behaved, how he'd let everybody down, how he'd only thought of himself.